Sakhawat Khan
Writer
Former Country Head of Amnesty International in South Sudan, Former UN High Official in the Horn of Africa, and Former Camp Manager of the Largest Refugee Camp in Somalia
Remembering the 17 October 1961 Massacres in Paris
October 15, 2025
This year marks the 64th anniversary of one of the most somber chapters in Algerian history, as well as in the history of colonization: the events of 17 October 1961 in Paris. On that evening, thousands of Algerians living in France took part in a peaceful demonstration organized by the French Federation of the National Liberation Front (FLN).
The Necessity of a Two-Layer Government System for Transparency and Good Governance
March 02, 2025
Governance plays a crucial role in ensuring accountability, transparency, and efficiency in state affairs. A country governed solely by a centralized government risks concentrating excessive power in the hands of a few individuals, increasing the potential for authoritarian rule. When a government head can influence the police, administration, and military leadership, they may prolong their rule without proper accountability. To prevent such risks, a two-layer government system—comprising both central and provincial governments—ensures a balanced distribution of power, enhances transparency, and fosters efficient governance.
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